Alles Folgende betrifft Collagen Peptides. Wir bleiben bei klarer Sprache, beziehen uns auf die Studienlage und trennen gut belegte Aussagen von offenen Fragen.
Stand 2026-08-01. Zahlen und Beschreibungen folgen der Fachliteratur und nicht dem Marketingmaterial.
Eisenhower Library US-BAug = Baltimore, Johns Hopkins University, John Work Garrett Library US-BAw = Baltimore, Walters Art Gallery Library US-BAK = Bakersfield, CA, California State College, Bakersfield, Library US-BAR = Baraboo, WI, Circus World Museum Library US-BAT = Baton Rouge, LA, Louisiana State University Library (US-BE, siehe BEm) (US-BE, siehe Beb) US-BEb = Berkeley, CA, University of California, Berkeley, Bancroft Library US-BEm = Berkeley, University of California, Berkeley, Music Library lib.berkeley.edu US-BEt = Berkeley, Graduate Theological Union Library US-BEK = Berea, KY, Berea College, Hutchins Library (US-BER, siehe BERr) (US-BER, siehe BERj) US-BER = Berea, OH, Baldwin-Wallace College, Riemenschneider-Bach Institute, Emilie and Karl Riemenschneider Memorial Bach Library (US-BERa, siehe BER) US-BERj = Berea, Baldwin-Wallace College, Fern Patterson Jones Memorial Music Library (US-BERr, siehe BERj) US-BERr = Berea, Baldwin-Wallace College, Conservatory of Music, Ritter Library US-BES = Bethesda, MD, National Library of Medicine (US-BET, siehe BETu) US-BETbc = Bethlehem, PA, Bach Choir US-BETm = Bethlehem, Archives of the Moravian Church in Bethlehem US-BETu = Bethlehem, Lehigh University, Lucy Packer Linderman Memorial Library US-BG = Bangor, ME, Bangor Public Library US-BGt = Bangor, Bangor Theological Seminary US-BI = Binghamton, NY, State University of New York at Binghampton, William Mitchell Music Collection, Fine Arts Library US-BIRu = Birmingham, AL, Samford University, Davis Library US-BK = Brunswick, ME, Bowdoin College, Department of Music US-BL = Bloomington, IN, Indiana University Library US-BLa = Bloomington, IN, Indiana University, Archives of Traditional Music US-BLl = Bloomington, IN, Indiana University, Lilly Library (US-BLm, siehe BLu) (US-BLr, siehe BLl) US-BLu = Bloomington, IN, Indiana University, William and Gayle Cook Music Library US-BLO = Bloomfield, CT, St. Thomas Seminary Library US-BM = Bryn Mawr, PA, Bryn Mawr College, Canaday Library US-BN = Boone, NC, Appalachian State University, I.G. Greer Hall, Music Library appstate.edu US-BO = Boulder, CO, University of Colorado at Boulder, Music Library US-BOa = Boulder, University of Colorado at Boulder, American Music Research Center US-BOW = Bowling Green, OH, Bowling Green State University, Music Library (US-BR, siehe NYbrp) (US-BR-A, siehe BRA) (US-BRc, siehe NYbrc) (US-BRp, siehe NYbrp) US-BRA = Bryn Athyn, PA, Academy of the New Church Library US-BRKkrasner = Brookline, MA, Louis Krasner, private collection (In: US-CAh) US-BRX = Bronxville, NY, Sarah Lawrence College, Music Library US-BU = Buffalo, NY, Buffalo and Erie Country Public Library US-BUu = Buffalo, State University of New York at Buffalo US-Charding = Chicago, IL, N. H. Harding private collection (In: GB-Ob) US-Chs = Chicago, The Chicago Historical Society Library US-Cjc = Chicago, John Crerar Library US-Clowe = Chicago, Library Edward E. Lowinsky (In: US-Cn) (US-Clowinsky, siehe Clowe) (US-Clw, siehe Clowe) US-Cms = Chicago, Northwestern University Medical School Library US-Cn = Chicago, Newberry Library newberry.org US-Coi = Chicago, University of Chicago, Oriental Institute Library US-Cp = Chicago, Chicago Public Library, Fine Arts Division, Music Section US-Cu = Chicago, University of Chicago, Joseph Regenstein Library, Special Collections lib.uchicago.edu US-Cum = Chicago, University of Chicago, Music Collection US-CA = Cambridge, MA, Harvard University, Harvard College Library lib.harvard.edu US-CAa = Cambridge, Harvard University, Andover-Harvard Theological Library (US-Cac, siehe CA) (US-CAd, siehe CAa) US-CAdriscoll = Cambridge, Driscoll-Collection (In: US-Cn) US-CAe = Cambridge, Harvard University, Eda Kuhn Loeb Music Library US-CAh = Cambridge, Harvard University, Houghton Library (US-CAl, siehe Cae) US-CAmit = Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Music Library US-CAp = Cambridge, Cambridge Public Library US-CAt = Cambridge, Harvard University, Theatre Collection US-CAua = Cambridge, Harvard University Archives US-CAw = Cambridge, Harvard University, Widener Memorial Library US-CAward = Cambridge, John Milton Ward, private collection (Dpt. in: US-CAt) US-CAD = Carbondale, IL, Southern Illinois University at Carbondale, Morris Library US-CAM = Camarillo, CA, Laurence Doheny Memorial Library, St. John’s Seminary library.stjohnsem.edu US-CAN = Canandaigua, NY, Ontario County Historical Society US-CAR = Carlisle, PA, Dickinson College, Spahr Library US-CC = Concord, MA, Concord Antiquarian Society (US-CD, siehe CDhs) US-CDhs = Concord, NH, New Hampshire Historical Society Library US-CDs = Concord, NH, New Hampshire State Library US-CF = Cedar Falls, IA, University of Northern Iowa Library US-CG = Coral Gables, FL, University of Miami, Music Library (US-Cgua, siehe Chua) (US-CH, siehe CHua) (US-CH-H, siehe CHH) US-CHj = Charlottesville, VA, Thomas Jefferson Memorial Foundation (Dpt. in: US-CHua) (US-CHm, siehe CHj) (US-CHua, siehe CHum) US-CHua = Charlottesville, VA, University of Virginia, Alderman Library (US-CHum, siehe CHj) US-CHum = Charlottesville, VA, University of Virginia, Music Library US-CHA = Charleston, SC, Charleston Museum US-CHAhs = Charleston, The South Carolina Historical Society US-CHAl = Charleston, Charleston Library Society US-CHH = Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina, Music Library lib.unc.edu US-CHHhaar = Chapel Hill, NC, James Haar, private collection US-CIam = Cincinnati, OH, Cincinnati Art Museum US-CIhc = Cincinnati, Hebrew Union College Library – Jewish Institute of Religion US-CIhp = Cincinnati, Cincinnati Historical Society Library US-CIp = Cincinnati, Public Library (US-CIph, siehe CIhp) US-CIu = Cincinnati, University of Cincinnati College – Conservatory of Music, Music Library US-CIx = Cincinnati, Xavier University US-CLc = Cleveland, OH, Case Institute of Technology US-CLgl = Cleveland, John Carroll University, Grasselli Library US-CLhs = Cleveland, Western Reserve Historical Society US-CLi = Cleveland, Cleveland Institute of Music Library US-CLm = Cleveland, Museum of Art, Ingalls Library US-CLp = Cleveland, Cleveland Public Library, Fine Arts Department US-CLsm = Cleveland, Saint Mary Seminary US-CLwr = Cleveland, Western Reserve University, Freiberger Library and Music House Library US-CLAb = Claremont, CA, Francis Bacon Foundation Library US-CLAc = Claremont, CA, Claremont College Libraries (US-CLB, siehe COS) (US-CN, siehe CHAhs) (US-CO, siehe COhs) (US-COh, siehe COhs) US-COhs = Columbus, OH, Ohio Historical Society Library (US-Cosm, siehe COu) US-COu = Claremont, CA, Ohio State University, Music Library (US-COL, siehe COS) US-COL = Columbia, MO, University of Missouri, Elmer Ellis Library US-COLhs = Columbia, MO, State Historical Society of Missouri, Elmer Ellis Library Building US-COS = Columbia, SC, The University of South Carolina, Music Library sc.edu US-COStcl = Columbia, SC, The University of South Carolina, Thomas Cooper Library sc.edu US-COVwalton = Covington, VA, Harry A. Walton Jr. private collection US-CP = College Park, MD, University of Maryland, Theodore R. McKeldin Library lib.umd.edu US-CPpa = College Park, MD, University of Maryland, The Michelle Smith Performing Arts Library US-CR = Cedar Rapids, IL, Iowa Masonic Library US-CS = Colorado Springs, CO, U. S. Air Force Academy US-CV = Collegeville, MN, Saint John’s University, Hill Museum & Manuscript Library US-CVa = Collegeville, Saint John’s University, Alcuin Library (US-D, siehe Dp) US-Dia = Detroit, MI, The Detroit Institut of Arts US-Dp = Detroit, Detroit Public Library, Music and Performing Arts Department US-Dwu = Detroit, Wayne State University Library US-DAp = Dallas, TX, Dallas Public Library, Fine Arts Division US-DAu = Dallas, Southern Methodist University, Music Library US-DAVu = Davis, CA, University of California, Davis, Peter J. Shields Library US-DB = Dearborn, MI, Henry Ford Museum and Greenfield Village US-DE = Denver, CO, Denver Public Library, Art & Music Division US-DEhs = Denver, State Historical Society of Colorado, Colorado State Museum, Colorado Heritage Center US-DEthomas = Denver, CO, Mario W. Thomas private collection US-DEE = Deerfield, MA, Museum of Pocumtuck Valley Memorial Association historic-deerfield.org US-DEL = Delaware, OH, Ohio Wesleyan University, L. A. Beeghly Library US-DK = DeKalb, IL, Northern Illinois University, Founders Memorial Library, Art/Music Cluster and Audio/Score Library (US-DM, siehe DMu) US-DMkirkendale = Durham, NC, Warren Kirkendale private collection (US-DM(u), siehe DMu) US-DMu = Durham, NC, Duke University Libraries US-DN = Denton, TX, North Texas State University, Music Library US-DO = Dover, DE, Dover Public Library US-DOV = Dover, DE, Delaware State Museum, Eldridge Reeves Johnson Memorial Bldg., Bureau of Museums & Historic Sites, Division of Historical and Cultural Affairs US-DOY = Doylestown, PA, Bucks County Historical Society Library and Mercer Museum (US-DP, siehe IDt) US-DV = Danville, KY, Centre College of Kentucky, Grace Doherty Library US-E = Evanston, IL, Garrett Biblical Institute US-Eg = Evanston, Garrett Theological Seminary Library US-Eu = Evanston, Northwestern University Libraries library.northwestern.edu US-EA = Easton, PA, Lafayette College, David Bishop Skillman Library US-ECstarr = Eastchester, NY, Saul Starr private collection (In: US-BLl) US-EDu = Edwardsville, IL, Southern Illinois University US-ELmsu = East Lansing, MI, Michigan State University Libraries US-EPH = Ephrata, PA, Ephrata Cloister Library US-EU = Eugene, OR, University of Oregon US-EXd = Exeter, NH, Phillips Exeter Academy, Davis Library US-EXp = Exeter, NH, Exeter Public Library (US-F, siehe NYq) (US-FAlewis, siehe FAy) US-FAy = Farmington, CT, Yale University, Lewis Walpole Library library.yale.edu US-FR = Fremont, OH, Rutherford B. Hayes Library and Museum (US-FW, siehe FWu) US-FW = Fort Worth, TX, Southwest Baptist Theological Seminary US-FWu = Fort Worth, TX, Texas Christian University US-G = Gainesville, FL, University of Florida Library, Music Library US-GA = Gambier, OH, Kenyon College Divinity School, Colburn Library (In: US-Rcr) US-GB = Gettysburg, PA, Lutheran Theological Seminary US-GLvauclain = Gladwyne, PA, A. Constant Vauclain private collection US-GO = Goshen, IN, Goshen College, Mennonite Historical Library and Good Library (US-GO, siehe GOL) US-GOL = Goleta, CA, Institute for American Research US-GR = Granville, OH, Denison University Library US-GRB = Greensboro, NC, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Walter C. Jackson Library US-GRE = Greenville, DE, Eleutherian Mills Historical Library US-GRVu = Greenville, SC, Bob Jones University, Mack Library (US-Hcs, siehe Hs) US-Hhc = Hartford, CT, Hartt College of Music Library, The University of Hartford US-Hhs = Hartford, CT, Connecticut Historical Society Library chs.org US-Hm = Hartford, CT, Case Memorial Library, Hartford Seminary Foundation (In: US-ATet) US-Hp = Hartford, CT, Public Library, Art & Music Department US-Hs = Hartford, CT, Connecticut State Library US-Hw = Hartford, CT, Trinity College, Watkinson Library trincoll.edu US-HA = Hanover, NH, Dartmouth College, Baker Library US-HAM = Hamilton, NY, Colgate University Library US-HAT = Hattiesburg, MS, University of Southern Mississippi, Libraries US-HAV = Haverford, PA, Haverford College Library US-HB = Harrisonburg, VA, Eastern Mennonite College, Menno Simons Historical Library and Archives US-HG = Harrisburg, PA, Pennsylvania State Library US-HGhm = Harrisburg, PA, Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, Division of Archives and Manuscripts US-HO = Hopkinton, NH, New Hampshire Antiquarian Society US-HOLc = Hollins College, VA, Fishburn Library US-HONu = Honolulu, HI, University of Hawaii at Manoa, University Libraries US-HOUfinningan = Houston, TX, Annette Finningan private collection US-HOUpl = Houston, TX, Public Library US-HOUr = Houston, TX, Rice University, Fondren Library, Music Library US-HP = Hyde Park, NY, Franklin D. Roosevelt Memorial Library, National Archives and Records Service, General Services Administration US-HU = Huntingdon, PA, Juniata College, L. A. Beechly Library US-HW = Hayward, CA, California State Library library.ca.gov US-I = Ithaca, NY, Cornell University Music Library US-Io = Ithaca, NY, Cornell University, John M. Olin Library US-IDt = Independence, MO, Harry S. Truman Library trumanlibrary.org US-INp = Indianapolis, IN, Indianapolis-Marion County Public Library, Arts Division US-IO = Iowa City, IA, University of Iowa, Music Library US-IObenton = Iowa City, IA, Rita Benton private collection (In: US-IO) US-IOhs = Iowa City, IA, Iowa State Historical Society US-IR = Irvine, CA, University of California, Irvine, General Library US-IVlittle = Ivy, VA, William A. Little private collection US-Jp = Jacksonville, FL, Jacksonville Public Library, Haydon Burns Library, Art and Music Department US-JUh = Juneau, AK, Alaska Historical Library, Alaska Division of State Libraries and Museums library.state.ak.us US-K = Kent, OH, Kent State University, Music Library US-KAuk = Kansas City, KS, University of Kansas, Medical Center US-KAL = Kalamazoo, MI, Western Michigan University, Institute of Cistercian Studies US-KBrobbin = Key Biscaine, FL, Leon Robbin, Private collection US-KC = Kansas City, University of Missouri, Kansas City Conservatory of Music, Library US-KCm = Kansas City, Kansas City Museum, Library and Archives US-KCuk, siehe KAuk US-KN = Knoxville, TN, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Music Library US-Lu = Lawrence, KS, University of Kansas Libraries (US-LA, siehe LAuc) US-LAcs = Los Angeles, CA, California State University, John F. Kennedy Memorial Library US-LAkoole = Los Angeles, Arend Johannes Koole private collection (In: US-PRV) US-LAp = Los Angeles, Los Angeles Public Library, Art and Music Dept US-LApiatigorsky = Los Angeles, Gregor Piatigorsky private collection (In: US-STEdrachman) (US-LAs, siehe LAusc) US-LAs = Los Angeles, The Arnold Schoenberg Institute Archives (US-LAu, siehe LAuc) (US-LAu, siehe LAum) (US-LAu, siehe LAur) US-LAuc = Los Angeles, University of California, Los Angeles, William Andrews Clark Memorial Library calstatela.edu US-LAum = Los Angeles, University of California, Los Angeles, Music Library ucla.edu US-LAur = Los Angeles, University of California, Los Angeles, Special Collections Dept, University Research Library US-LAusc = Los Angeles, University of Southern California, School of Music Library US-LAzeitlin = Los Angeles, Zeitlin and Verbrugg Booksellers private collection US-LAWd’andrea = Lawrenceville, NJ, Michael d’Andrea, private collection US-LB = Lewisburg, PA, Bucknell University, Ellen Clarke Bertrand Library US-LBH = Long Beach, CA, California State University Library csulb.edu US-LChs = Lancaster, PA, Lancaster County Historical Society US-LCm = Lancaster, PA, Lancaster Mennonite Historical Library and Archives US-LCts = Lancaster, PA, Lancaster Theological Seminary of the United Church of Christ Library US-LDjerome = Landsdowne, PA, Davis Jerome private collection US-LE = Lenox, MA, Lenox Library Association US-LEN = Lexington, MA, Public Library US-LEW = Lewiston, ME, Bates College Library US-LEX = Lexington, KY, University of Kentucky, Margaret I. King Library US-LIhs = Lincoln, NB, Nebraska State Historical Society Library and State Archives US-LIu = Lincoln, NB, University of Nebraska–Lincoln Libraries US-LN = Lexington, VA, Washington and Lee University Library (US-LO, siehe LOu) US-LOs = Louisville, KY, Southern Baptist Theological Seminary, James P. Boyce Centennial Library US-LOu = Louisville, KY, University of Louisville, School of Music, Library louisville.edu (US-LONcs, siehe LBH) US-LOW = Lowell, MA, Lowell State College US-LOWu = Lowell, MA, University of Lowell, O’Leary Library US-LT = Latrobe, PA, St. Vincent College Library US-LU = Lincoln University, PA, Lincoln University, Langston Hughes Memorial Library US-LUB = Lubbock, TX, Texas Technological University US-LVdickinson = Livonia, NY, Mrs. June M. Dickinson, private collection US-LY = Lynbrook, NY, New York Bartók Archive US-M = Milwaukee, WI, Milwaukee Public Library, Art & Music Department US-Mc = Milwaukee, WI, Wisconsin Conservatory of Music Library US-Mu = Milwaukee, WI, Marquette University Memorial Library, Special Collections (US-MA, siehe MAhs) US-MAhs = Madison, WI, Wisconsin Historical Society US-MAu = Madison, WI, University of Wisconsin–Madison US-MAL = Malibu, CA, J. Paul Getty Museum US-MB = Middlebury, VT, Middlebury College, Christian A. Johnson Memorial Music Library US-ME = Meadville, PA, Reis Library, Allegheny College US-MED = Medford, MA, Tufts University Library library.tufts.edu US-MEM = Memphis, TN, University of Memphis, Music Library US-MG = Montgomery, AL, Alabama State Department of Archives and History Library US-MH = Manhattan, KS, Kansas State University, Library (US-MHsc, siehe MH) US-MI = Middletown, CT, Wesleyan University, Music Library (US-MO, siehe MOhs) US-MOhs = Montpelier, VT, Vermont Historical Society Library US-MOB = Mobile, AK, Spring Hill College, Thomas Byrne Memorial Library US-MORduncan = Morgantown, WV, Richard E. Duncan private collection (US-MS, siehe MSp) US-MSp = Minneapolis, MN, Minneapolis Public Library US-MSu = Minneapolis, MN, University of Minnesota, Music Library US-MT = Morristown, NJ, National Historical Park Museum US-MU = Muncie, IN, Ball State Teachers College, Bracken Library US-MV = Mount Vernon, VA, Mount Vernon Ladies’ Association of the Union Collection (US-Nc, siehe NYcu) US-Nf = Northampton, MA, Forbes Library forbeslibrary.org (US-N-OR, siehe NORtu) US-Nsc = Northampton, MA, Smith College, Werner Josten Music Library US-NA = Nashville, TN, Fisk University Library US-NAcm = Nashville, TN, Country Music Foundation Library and Media Center US-NAs = Nashville, TN, Tennessee State Library and Archives US-NAu = Nashville, TN, Vanderbilt University Library US-NAZ = Nazareth, PA, Moravian Historical Society, Library and Museum (US-NB, siehe NBu) US-NBs = New Brunswick, NJ, New Brunswick Theological Seminary, Gardner A. Sage Library (US-NBt, siehe NBs) US-Nbu = New Brunswick, NJ, Rutgers – The State University of New Jersey, Blanche and Irving Laurie Music Library, Mabel Smith Douglass Library US-NC = Newton Centre, MA, Andover Newton Theological School, Franklin Trask Library US-NDu = Notre Dame, IN, University of Notre Dame US-NEhs = Newark, NJ, New Jersey Historical Society US-NEij = Newark, NJ, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey, Rutgers Institute of Jazz Studies Library US-NEm = Newark, NJ, Newark Museum US-NEp = Newark, NJ, Newark Public Library US-NEW = Newark, DE, University of Delaware Library US-NFp = Norfolk, VA, Norfolk Public Library, Feldman Fine Arts and Audio-Visual Department US-NH = New Haven, CT, Yale University, Music Library (US-NHb, siehe NHub) US-NHba = New Haven, CT, Yale University, Yale Center for British Art, Department of Prints, Drawings and Rare Books US-NHch = New Haven, New Haven Colony Historical Society US-NHm = New Haven, Yale Medical School Library US-NHs = New Haven, Yale University, Sterling Memorial Library US-NHub = New Haven, Yale University, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library (US-NL, siehe NO) US-NM = Norman, OK, University of Oklahoma US-NN = North Newton, KS, Mennonite Historical Library, Bethel College (US-NO, siehe NT) US-NO = Normal, IL, Illinois State University, Milner Library, Humanities/Fine Arts Division US-NORhc = New Orleans, LA, Historic New Orleans Collection, The Kemper and Leila Williams Foundation, Archives Division US-NORsm = New Orleans, Louisiana State Museum Library US-NORts = New Orleans, New Orleans Baptist Theological Seminary Library US-NORtu = New Orleans, Tulane University, Howard Tilton Memorial Library US-NP = Newburyport, MA, Newburyport Public Library US-NT = Northfield, MN, Carleton College Library US-NYam = New York, NY, New York Academy of Medicine US-NYamc = New York, American Music Center Library US-NYbm = New York, Broadcast Music, Inc US-NYbrc = New York, Brooklyn College of the City University of New York, Music Library US-NYbrp = New York, Brooklyn Public Library, Art and Music Division US-NYcc = New York, City College Library, Music Library US-NYccb = New York, Brunswick Collection, City College Library (In: US-NYcc) US-NYcg = New York, City University of New York, Graduate Center US-NYcu = New York, Columbia University, Music Library US-NYcub = New York, Columbia University, Butler Library, Rare Book and Manuscript Library US-NYcue = New York, Columbia University, Center for Studies in Ethnomusicology, Department of Music US-NYes = New York, Engineering Societies Library (US-Nyf, siehe NYfo) US-NYfo = New York, Fordham University Library library.fordham.edu US-NYfrank = New York, Mrs. Claude Frank private collection US-NYfuld = New York, James J. Fuld private collection (In: US-NYpm) (US-NYg, siehe NYgo) US-NYgeist = New York, Mrs. Franklin Geist private collection US-NYgl = New York, Grand Lodge Library and Museum, Free and Accepted Masons US-NYgo = New York, New York University, Gould Memorial Library (In: US-NYu) US-NYgr = New York, The Grolier Club Library US-NYgs = New York, G. Schirmer, Inc. US-NYgt, siehe NYtsm (US-Nyh, siehe NYhs) US-NYhc = New York, Hunter College Library library.wexler.hunter.cuny.edu US-NYhenry = New York, Don Henry private collection US-NYhill = New York, George R. Hill private collection US-NYhinrichsen = New York, Mrs. Walter Hinrichsen private collection US-NYhs = New York, New York Historical Society Library (US-NYhs, siehe NYhsa) US-Pc = Pittsburgh, PA, Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh, Music and Art Dept US-Pct = Pittsburgh, Carnegie Mellon University, Hunt Library US-Pd = Pittsburgh, Duquesne University Library US-Pdt = Pittsburgh, Duquesne University Tamburitzans, Institute of Folk Arts, Tamburitzans Cultural Center Library/Museum/Archives US-Pfinney = Pittsburgh, Theodore M. Finney private library (In: US-AUS and US-LAuc) US-Ps = Pittsburgh, Theological Seminary, Clifford E. Barbour Library (US-Pts, siehe Ps) (US-Pu, siehe PRu) US-Pu = Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Music Library US-Puf = Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Foster Hall Collection, Stephen Foster Memorial US-PD = Portland, ME, Maine Historical Society Library (US-PD, siehe PL) (US-PDhs, siehe PD) US-PDp = Portland, ME, Portland Public Library, Art Department US-PE = Pennsburg, PA, Schwenkfelder Historical Society Library (US-Pes, siehe PE) US-PER = Perryville, MO, St. Mary’s Seminary Library US-PF = Pittsfield, MA, Berkshire Athenaeum US-PHa = Philadelphia, PA, The Athenaeum of Philadelphia US-PHai = Philadelphia, Society of Ancient Instruments US-PHalbrecht = Philadelphia, Otto E. Albrecht private collection (In: US-PHu) US-PHbo = Philadelphia, St. Charles Borromeo Theological Seminary Library US-PHbs = Philadelphia, William Bacon Stevens Library of the School of Divinity of the Protestant Episcopal Church (US-PHcb, siehe PHbo) US-PHchs = Philadelphia, American Catholic Historical Society Library US-PHci = Philadelphia, The Curtis Institute of Music Library US-PHcp = Philadelphia, College of Physicians Library US-PHem = Philadelphia, The Eric Mandell Collection of Jewish Music (In: US-PHgc) US-PHf = Philadelphia, Free Library of Philadelphia, Music Department library.phila.gov US-PHff = Philadelphia, Free Library of Philadelphia, Edwin A. Fleisher Collection of Orchestral Music US-PHfi = Philadelphia, The Franklin Institute US-PHg = Philadelphia, German Society of Pennsylvania, The Joseph Horner Memorial Library US-PHgc = Philadelphia, Gratz College US-PHgh = Philadelphia, Germantown Historical Society US-PHgl = Philadelphia, Grand Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons US-PHhs = Philadelphia, Historical Society of Pennsylvania Library (US-PHk, siehe PHkm) US-PHkm = Philadelphia, Lutheran Theological Seminary at Philadelphia, Krauth Memorial Library US-PHlc = Philadelphia, Library Company of Philadelphia US-PHma = Philadelphia, Philadelphia College of the Performing Arts US-PHmf = Philadelphia, Musical Fund Society (Dpt. in: US-PHf) (US-PHp, siehe PHphs) US-PHphs = Philadelphia, The Presbyterian Historical Society Library (In: US-PHlc) US-PHps = Philadelphia, American Philosophical Society Library US-PHr = Philadelphia, The Philip H. and A. S. W. Rosenbach Foundation US-PHrudolf = Philadelphia, Max Rudolf private collection US-PHtr = Philadelphia, Trinity Lutheran Church of Germantown US-PHts = Philadelphia, Westminster Theological Seminary Library US-PHtu = Philadelphia, Temple University Library US-PHu = Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Libraries library.upenn.edu US-PHy = Philadelphia, Yarnall Library of Theology of St. Clement’s Church (In: US-PHu) US-PHzimmerman = Philadelphia, Franklin B. Zimmerman private collection US-PIlevy = Pikesville, MD, Lester S. Levy private collection US-PL = Portland, OR, Library Association of Portland, Music Department (US-PLhs, siehe PD) US-PLY = Plymouth, MA, Pilgrim Society, Pilgrim Hall Library US-PLYa = Plymouth, Plymouth Antiquarian Society US-PO = Poughkeepsie, NY, Vassar College, George Sherman Dickinson Music Library musiclibrary.vassar.edu (US-PR, siehe PRu) (US-PRl, siehe PRlowe) US-PRlowe = Princeton, NJ, Library E. A. Lowe US-PRs = Princeton, NJ, Princeton Theological Seminary, Speer Library US-PRscheide = Princeton, NJ, William H. Scheide private collection (Dpt. in: US-PRu) (US-PRts, siehe PRs) US-PRu = Princeton, NJ, Princeton University Library US-PRw = Princeton, NJ, Westminster Choir College (US-PRO, siehe PROb) (US-PRO, siehe PROu) (US-PRO, siehe PROh) US-PROa = Providence, RI, The Providence Athenaeum US-PROb = Providence, Brown University, John Carter Brown Library (US-PROb, siehe PROu) US-PROh = Providence, Brown University, John Hay Library, the Harris Collection of American Poetry and Plays (US-PROh, siehe PROhs) US-PROhs = Providence, Rhode Island Historical Society Library (US-PROu, siehe PROh) US-PROu = Providence, Brown University Libraries (US-PROu, siehe PROh) (US-PROu, siehe PROb) US-PRV = Provo, UT, Brigham Young University (US-PU, siehe PUm) (US-PU(m), siehe PUm) US-PUm = Purchase, NY, Manhattanville College of the Sared Heart US-PUu = Purchase, NY, State University of New York, College at Purchase, Library US-PULwsu = Pullman, WA, Washington State Libraries, Manuscripts, Archives and Special Collections wsulibs.wsu.edu US-PXp = Phoenix, AZ, Phoenix Public Library, Fine Arts and Recreation Department US-Qressler = Quarryville, PA, Martin Ressler private collection US-R = Rochester, NY, Sibley Music Library, Eastman School of Music, University of Rochester esm.rochester.edu US-Rcr = Rochester, NY, Colgate-Rochester Divinity School US-RI = Richmond, VA, Virginia State Library US-RIhs = Richmond, VA, Virginia Historical Society US-RIvm = Richmond, VA, Valentine Museum US-RIVu = Riverside, CA, University of California, Riverside, The General Library (US-S, siehe Su) US-Soffenbacher = Seattle, WA, Eric Offenbacher private collection (In: US-CAe and US-CAh) US-Sp = Seattle, WA, Seattle Public Library US-Su = Seattle, WA, University of Washington, Music Library lib.washington.edu US-SA = Salem, MA, Peabody and Essex Museums, James Duncan Phillips Library pem.org (US-SAc, siehe SA) (US-SAe, siehe SA) (US-SAmf, siehe WS) US-SAV = Savannah, GA, Georgia Historical Society US-SB = Santa Barbara, CA, University of California at Santa Barbara, Library US-SBk = Santa Barbara, The Karpeles Manuscript Library US-SBm = Santa Barbara, Mission Santa Barbara US-SCAkallir = Scarsdale, NY, Private library of John Kallir US-SDu = San Diego, CA, San Diego State University, Malcolm A. Love Library US-SE = Selinsgrove, PA, Susquehanna University (US-SF, siehe SFp) US-SFhs = San Francisco, CA, California Historical Society Library US-SFp = San Francisco, San Francisco Public Library, Fine Arts Department, Music Division US-SFs = San Francisco, Sutro Library US-SFsc = San Francisco, San Francisco State University, Col. Frank V. de Bellis Collection library.sfsu.edu (US-SH, siehe SHc) US-SHc = South Hadleym, MA, Mt. Holyoke College US-SHE = Sherman, TX, Austin College, Arthur Hopkins Library US-SJb = San José, CA, Ira F. Brilliant Center for Beethoven Studies, San José State University US-SL = St. Louis, MO, St. Louis University, Pius XII Memorial Library (US-SLb, siehe SLbuszin) US-SLbuszin = St. Louis, Private Library of Walter Buszin US-SLc = St. Louis, Concordia Seminary Library US-SLf = St. Louis, Fontbonne College Library (US-SLg, siehe SLug) US-SLhs = St. Louis, Missouri Historical Society US-SLkrohn = St. Louis, Ernst C. Krohn private collection (In: US-SLug) US-SLtichenor = St. Louis, Trebor Tichenor, private collection US-SLu = St. Louis, Olin Library, Washington University US-SLug = St. Louis, Washington University, Gaylord Music Library US-SLC = Salt Lake City, UT, University of Utah Library US-SLClds = Salt Lake City, UT, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints, Historical Department, Library-Archives US-SM = San Marino, CA, Henry E. Huntington Library & Art Gallery US-SOU = Southfield, MI, Duns Scotus College Library (US-SP, siehe SPAs) US-SPma = Spokane, WA, Moldenhauer Archives (In: US-Wc) (US-SPmoldenhauer, siehe SPma) US-SPp Spokane, WA, Spokane Public Library (US-SPA, siehe SPAs) US-SPAs = Saint Paul, MN, St. Paul Seminary Library US-SPF = Springfield, MO, Springfield-Greene County Library US-SPGhs = Springfield, IL, Illinois State Historical Library US-SPR = Springfield, OH, Wittenberg University US-SR = San Rafael, CA, American Music Research Center, Dominican College US-SSburchuk = Silver Spring, MD, Mr. and Mrs. David Burchuk private collection (US-ST, siehe STu) (US-STm, siehe STum) (US-STm, siehe STu) US-STu = Stanford, CA, Stanford University, Green Library, Department of Special Collections library.stanford.edu US-STua = Stanford, CA, Stanford Archive of Recorded Sound US-STum = Stanford, CA, Stanford University, Music Library US-STB = Sturbridge, MA, Old Sturbridge Village osv.org US-STEdrachman = Stevenson, MD, Mrs. Jephta Drachman private collection; Mrs. P. C. Drachman private collection US-STO = Stony Brook, NY, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Frank Melville Jr. Memorial Library US-SW = Swarthmore, PA, Swarthmore College Library US-SY = Syracuse, NY, Syracuse University Music Library US-SYa = Syracuse, NY, Syracuse University, Audio Archives and Thomas A. Edison Re-Recording Laboratory US-SYkrasner = Syracuse, NY, Louis Krasner private collection (In: US-CAh and US-SY) US-Tm = Toledo, OH, Toledo Museum of Art Library US-TA = Tallahassee, FL, Florida State University, Robert Manning Strozier Library US-TC = Tucson, AZ, University of Arizona, Music Collection US-TE = Tempe, AZ, Arizona State University Library US-TOhs = Topeka, KS, Kansas State Historical Society Library US-TU = Tulsa, OK, Gilcrease Institute US-U = Urbana, IL, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Music Library US-Ufraenkel = Urbana, IL, Collection Fraenkel (In: US-U) US-Ujenkins = Urbana, IL, Newell Jenkins private collection US-Uplamenac = Urbana, IL, Dragan Plamenac private collection (In: US-NH) (US-Uu, siehe U) US-UN = University, AL, University of Alabama Library US-UP = University Park, PA, The Pennsylvania State University Library US-V = Villanova, PA, Villanova University, Falvey Memorial Library US-VHt = Vineyard Haven, MA, Tisbury Museum US-Wc = Washington, D.C., Library of Congress, Music Division loc.gov US-Wca = Washington, D.C., Washington Cathedral Library US-Wcf = Washington, D.C., Library of Congress, American Folklife Center and the Archive of Folk Culture US-Wcg = Washington, D.C., General Collections, Library of Congress (US-Wcl, siehe Wca) (US-Wcm, siehe Wc) US-Wcm = Washington, D.C., Library of Congress, Motion Picture, Broadcasting and Recorded Sound Division US-Wcr = Washington, D.C., Rare Book Collection, Library of Congress US-Wcro = Washington, D.C., Lessing J. Rosenwald Collection, Library of Congress US-Wcu = Washington, D.C., Catholic University of America, Music Library US-Wdc = Washington, D.C., Dominican House of Studies, Catholic University of America US-Wdo = Washington, D.C., Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection US-Wf = Washington, D.C., Founder’s Library, Howard University howard.edu (US-Wg, siehe Wgu) US-Wgu = Washington, D.C., Georgetown University Libraries US-Whn = Washington, D.C., Holy name college library US-Whu = Washington, D.C., Howard University, College of Fine Arts Library US-Wm = Washington, D.C., National Library of Medicine US-Wp = Washington, D.C., District of Columbia Public Library, Martin Luther King Memorial Library, Music and Recreation Division US-Ws = Washington, D.C., Folger Shakespeare Library (US-W-S, siehe WS) US-Wsc = Washington, D.C., Scottish Rite Masons, Supreme Council, Library US-Wsi = Washington, D.C., Smithsonian Institution, Music Library (US-Wsr, siehe Wsc) US-WA = Watertown, MA, Perkins School for the Blind US-WB = Wilkes-Barre, PA, Wilkes College Library US-WC = Waco, TX, Baylor University, Music Library US-WCH = West Chester, PA, West Chester State College US-WE = Wellesley, MA, Wellesley College Library US-WELhartzler = Wellman, IA, J. D. Hartzler private collection (US-WG, siehe WGw) US-WGc = Williamsburg, VA, College of William & Mary, Earl Gregg Swenn Library US-WGw = Williamsburg, VA, Colonial Williamsburg Research Department, historical collection US-WI = Williamstown, MA, Williams College Library US-WIN = Winterthur, DE, Winterthur Museum US-WL = Wilmington, DE, Historical Society of Delaware US-WM = Waltham, MA, Brandeis University Library, Music Library, Goldfarb Library (US-WN, siehe NC) (US-WO, siehe WOa) US-WOa = Worcester, MA, American Antiquarian Society Library US-WOh = Worcester, MA, Dinand Library, College of the Holy Cross US-WOp = Worcester, MA, The Worcester Public Library US-WP = West Point, NY, United States Military Academy US-WR = Wooster, OH, College of Wooster US-WS = Winston-Salem, NC, Moravian Music-Foundation, Peter Memorial Library US-WSzsr = Winston-Salem, NC, Wake Forest University, Z. Smith Reynolds Library zsr.wfu.edu US-WT = Watertown, NY, Jefferson County Historical Society Library US-WV = Waterville, ME, Colby College Library US-Y = York, PA, Historical Society of York County, Library and Archives (US-Yb, siehe NHub) US-YORhs = York, ME, Old York Historical Society
Quellen: de.wikipedia.org
=== Belarus === BY-MI = Minsk, Biblioteka Belorusskoj Gosudarstvennoj Konservatorii (Bibliothek des Weißrussischen Staatlichen Konservatoriums) BY-MIn = Minsk, Nacional’naja biblioteka Belarusi (Belarussische Nationalbibliothek)
Quellen: de.wikipedia.org
== Literatur == Société Internationale de Musicologie et l'Association Internationale des Bibliothèques Musicales (Hrsg.): Répertoire international des sources musicales, 1999 (Musikhandschriften, gegründet 1952, deutsche Arbeitsstelle für die alten Bundesländer seit 1953 in der Bayerischen Staatsbibliothek).
Quellen: de.wikipedia.org
== Weblinks == Online-Katalog der RISM Bibliothekssigel rism.info (RISM Zentralredaktion) RISM Bibliothekssigel. Gesamtverzeichnis (10/2008) (PDF; 1,9 MB) Silja Geisler-Baum: Seminararbeit (PDF; 395 kB) Abbreviations (General Abbreviations / Bibliographical Abbreviations / Library Sigla) oxfordmusiconline.com
Quellen: de.wikipedia.org
Als Altritualisten bezeichnet man Christen, welche die aus einer Liturgiereform hervorgegangene gottesdienstliche Ordnung ihrer Mutterkirche allgemein oder für ihre Person ablehnen. Sie berufen sich dabei in erster Linie auf die kirchliche Tradition, welche sie durch die erfolgte Liturgiereform als missachtet oder verletzt ansehen. Zusätzlich wird mit der Bewahrung des kulturellen Erbes, der Schönheit der Riten und des Mystischen argumentiert. Demgegenüber berufen sich die Reformer zum einen auf den „Geist gesunder Überlieferung“ (sana traditio), welche gemäß der „Norm der Väter“ Veränderungen der angetroffenen Ordnung erforderte, und zum anderen auf die Anpassung an die „Verhältnisse und Notwendigkeiten der Gegenwart“, die behutsame Neuerungen zulässt (2. Vatikanisches Konzil, Konstitution Sacrosanctum Concilium Art. 23).
Quellen: de.wikipedia.org
== Beispiele == Bekannteste historische Beispiele des Altritualismus sind für die russisch-orthodoxe Kirche die Altorthodoxen, für die römisch-katholische Kirche die traditionalistischen Anhänger der Priesterbruderschaft St. Pius X. sowie für die Anglikanische Gemeinschaft die Traditional Anglican Communion. In letzteren Fällen zeigt sich, dass sich der Altritualismus oft mit der Ablehnung weiterer kirchlicher und gesellschaftlicher Reformvorgänge verbindet. Die Abwendung von der Mutterkirche kann über den Nichtmitvollzug liturgischer Erneuerung hinausgehen und die Gestalt einer kirchlichen Abspaltung („Schisma“) annehmen, mit der Tendenz zu stets weiterer Unterteilung. Zur Rechtfertigung dieses gewöhnlich als „Notmaßnahme“ dargestellten Schrittes wird in vielen Fällen die Kirche des Verrats der Tradition angeklagt, der Häresie verdächtigt oder beschuldigt, die Gültigkeit der nach erneuerter Ordnung gefeierten Messfeier und anderer Sakramente bezweifelt oder bestritten, insbesondere der Weihe ihrer Priester und Bischöfe, sowie die Legitimität des Papstes in Abrede gestellt (siehe Sedisvakantisten). Für gewöhnlich streben altritualistische Gemeinschaften danach, eigene Bischöfe in gesicherter apostolischer Sukzession zu besitzen. In neuester Zeit wirkten als deren wichtigste Vermittler: ab 1984 Michel Guérard des Lauriers (in der Sukzession des Pierre Martin Ngô Đình Thục), ab 1988 Marcel Lefebvre und ab 2015 Richard Williamson.
Quellen: de.wikipedia.org
Der Vatikan ist bemüht, deren weitere Verbreitung durch Versöhnung irregulär ordinierter altritualistischer Bischöfe einzuschränken (Beispiele: Licínio Rangel, Aufhebung der Exkommunikation der Bischöfe der Priesterbruderschaft St. Pius X.).
Quellen: de.wikipedia.org
Collagen Peptides wird hier aus öffentlich zugänglicher Fachliteratur zusammengefasst: Definition, Einordnung und die Punkte, die in der Praxis wiederkehren. Angaben ohne Gewähr, keine medizinische Beratung.
Die Forschung zu Collagen Peptides arbeitet überwiegend mit kontrollierten Labor- und Tierstudien; klinische Daten sind je nach Substanz unterschiedlich belastbar. Wir geben den Stand der Literatur wieder.
Entscheidend sind Reinheit und Analytik (HPLC, Massenspektrum), korrekte Rekonstitution sowie sachgerechte Lagerung. Angaben zur Reinheit gehören immer zum Produkt.%!(EXTRA string=Collagen Peptides)
Nicht jeder Mechanismus ist belegt, und Einzelstudien sind keine Gesamtevidenz. Diese Seite markiert offene Fragen ausdrücklich statt sie als gesichert darzustellen.%!(EXTRA string=Collagen Peptides)